English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In contrast to the intradermal tuberculin test (ITT) the sensitivity and specificity of rapid agglutination (RA) using the M. avium serovar 2, 3 antigen increased at advanced stages of the infection. Only 47.7% of pullets, infected orally with 1 mg of a culture of a virulent strain of M. avium serovar 2 per 1 kg body mass, reacted to avian tuberculin, while RA yielded, at the sama stage of infection, 61.6% and 90.9% of positive results when whole blood and blood serum were examined, respectively. Birds reacting to avian tuberculin were found in some avian tuberculosis-free farms. Contamination of sawdust, used as the litter, with M. intracellulare serovar 8 was a frequent cause of such reactions. RA with M. avium antigen (MAA) was also used successfully for the differentiation of paraallergic from specific reactions to avian tuberculin. Parallel examination by ITT and RA is recommended as a component of programmes of avian tuberculosis elimination. Moreover RA can replace ITT in screening of tuberculosis in poultry flocks and bird colonies. Examination of blood sera, yielding more accurate results, in recommended in birds kept in zoological gardens and in rearing colonies of predatory birds. RA with MAA is more specific than ITT. Considering the existence of pathogenic strains of M. avium which cannot be classed with any of the reference serovars 1, 2 and 3, continuous attention should be paid to the selection of avian mycobacterial strains for the production of the antigen.

Diagnosis of Avian Tuberculosis-mycobacteriosis by Rapid Agglutination