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NoClceptive information carried by primary afferent AƒÂ and C fibers is transmitted to spinothalamic tract neurons located in lamina I and lmina IV/V of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord (Kemplay and Webster, 1986; Burstein et al. 1990). In vivo extracellular recording has shown that although the primary afferent AƒÂ fibers predominantly terminate in lamina I (marginal zone) and lamina II (substantia gelatinosa), a subset of these fibers terminate in lamina IV/V (Light and Pen, 1979). Some of these AƒÂ fibers have been functionally identified as fibers from high threshold mechano receptors (mechanical noClceptors) (Light and Pen, 1979). However, the monosynaptic nature of the synaptic responses evoked by AƒÂ fibers in lamina IV/V neurons has not been convinClngly established. The present study addresses the question of whether lamina IV/V neurons receive monosynaptic input from primary afferent AƒÂ fibers. Intracellular recordings were obtained from lamina IV/V neurons in the transverse slice of the adult rat spinal cord with attached dorsal root. The methods for obtaining the slice preparation have been published elsewhere (Yoshimura and Jessell, 1990). Briefly, male adult Sprague-Dawley rats (150250g) were anesthetized with urethane (i.p., 1.5g/kg). A lumbosacral laminectomy was performed and about 1cm length of spinal cord with the ventral and dorsal roots attached was isolated. After removal of the dura mater, all ventral and dorsal roots were cut near the root entry zone, with the exception of the L4 or L5 dorsal root on one side. The pia-arachnoid membrane was then removed, except in the area around the entry of the preserved dorsal root. A transverse slice (500 ,gym thick) which retained the attached dorsal root was cut on a vibratome and placed on a nylon mesh in the recording chamber. The slice was perfused continuously with Krebs solution (15-20ml/min) equilibrated with 95% O2-5% CO2 at 36•}1•Ž. The composition of the Krebs solution was (in mM) : 117 NaCl, 3.6 KCl, 2.5 CaCl2, 1.2 MgC12, 1.2 NaH2PO4, 25 NaHCO3 and 11 glucose. Intracellular recordings were performed in 79 neurons located in lamina IV/V (Rexed, 1952) with 4 M-potassium ace-

Monosynaptic Input to Deep Dorsal Horn Neurons from Primary Afferent A.DELTA. Fibers in the Rat Spinal Cord in vitro.