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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and HIV co-infection causes a heavy burden on health care systems and poses particular diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Studies into predictors of TB-HIV co-infection is lacking in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the associations of contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, and ARV treatment, with TB-HIV co-infection among people with HIV/AIDS. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Balige, North Sumatera. A sample of 82 people living with HIV/AIDS were selected for this study, comprising 41 cases with and 41 controls without TB-HIV co-infection. The dependent variable was TB-HIV co-infection. The independent variables were contact history, smoking status, nutrition status, and ARV treatment. The data on HIV/AIDS co-infection were taken from the medical record at HKBP Committee HIV/AIDS service in Balige. Other variables were measured by questionnaire. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression. Results: 82.9% of sample had no contact history, 56.1% had poor nutrition status, 78% were smokers, and 58.5% had irregular ARV treatment. TB-HIV co-infection increased with poor nutrition status (OR= 3.48; p= 0.014), smoking status (OR= 3.39; p= 0.021), and irregular ARV treatment (OR= 10.16; p<0.001). Conclusion: TB-HIV co-infection increases with poor nutrition status, smoking status, and irregular ARV treatment.

Associations of Contact History, Smoking Status, Nutrition Status, and ARV Treatment, With TB-HIV Co-Infection among People with HIV/AIDS