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The Lapara Creek Fauna includes a large collection of fossil vertebrates obtained by the State-Wide Paleontologic-Mineralogic Survey in Texas (1939–1941) under the direction of the Bureau of Economic Geology and the Texas Memorial Museum. Of the 50 species of fossil vertebrates, five species are fish, seven are reptiles, two are birds and 36 are mammals. The 36 species of mammals represent 31 genera of which four are rodents, five are carnivores, two are proboscideans, 10 are artiodactyls and 10 are perissodactyls. These taxa are known from four separate local faunas distributed within the lower to middle parts of the Goliad Formation and are Clarendonian in age. The Ten Mile Waterhole Creek and Bridge Ranch local faunas compare well with Cl1 faunas in North America, while the Farish Ranch and Buckner Ranch local faunas compare well with early Cl2 faunas. The fauna includes the first occurrence, or at least very early occurrences, of cf. Trachemys sp., Apalone sp., Alligator cf. mississippiensis and cf. Eucyon sp. Identification of Ceratogaulus cf. rhinoceros extends the known geographic range of this taxon and represents the oldest occurrence of a mylagaulid from the Texas coastal plain. Blancotherium buckneri is a new generic name assigned to a longirostrine gomphothere that is represented by numerous specimens from the Buckner Ranch Local Fauna. The diverse horse fauna includes 12 species representing nine genera, all but one of which are hypsodont. The composition of the fauna is consistent with the widespread Clarendonian Chronofauna and with a mixed woodland–grassland environment on a broad floodplain associated with low-gradient rivers. Steven R. May. Texas Vertebrate Paleontology Collections, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78758, USA. srmay@utexas.edu

The Lapara Creek Fauna: Early Clarendonian of south Texas, USA