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This study is a thorough assessment on the morphology and taxonomy of Mourasuchus amazonensis, a fossil crocodylian of the Caimaninae clade from the late Miocene Solimões Formation of Brazil. A thorough redescription of the holotype of the species (DGM 562-R, a nearly complete skull with an associated incomplete left mandible) is performed together with the redescription of the specimen UFAC-1424, a posterior portion of the skull with associated mandibular remains, and the description of the specimen LACM-160157, also a posterior portion of the cranium. As such, this paper brings the most comprehensive osteological study of M. amazonensis to be performed to date, enabling a thorough taxonomic reassessment of the species in question. This reassessment confirmed M. amazonensis as a valid species, with two autapomorphies and two other distinctive characters. UFAC-1424 and LACM-160157 are assigned as Mourasuchus cf. M. amazonensis, pending further studies on the taxonomy of the species in order to clarify whether these specimens belong to the same species as DGM 526-R. Additionally, implications of the morphology observed in M. amazonensis for the taxonomic status of other Mourasuchus species are also discussed, especially with respect to M. nativus, which is currently a junior synonym of M. arendsi. Giovanne M. Cidade. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, 14040-901, Brazil; giovannecidade@hotmail.com Douglas Riff. Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia-MG, 38400-902, Brazil; driff2@gmail.com Jonas P. de Souza-Filho. Museu de Paleontologia, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco-AC, 69915900, Brazil; jpdesouzafilho@hotmail.com Annie Schmaltz Hsiou. Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, 14040-901, Brazil; anniehsiou@ffclrp.usp.br

A reassessment of the osteology of Mourasuchus amazonensis Price, 1964 with comments on the taxonomy of the species