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Microbial contamination in livestock, resulting in foodborne illnesses, poses a serious problem for veterinary. Rapidly growing number of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains triggers increased interest in phage therapy, which has already been tested against zoonotic pathogens in animals. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential application of lyophilization process in commercial processing of phages. We lyophilized three phages active against common animal pathogens E. coli , Salmonella and Enterococcus , in the presence of three different cryoprotectants. The activity of phages was determined after 10 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year storage at room temperature. All conditions of storage were established to consider practical aspects of phages processing. Skim milk appeared to be the most effective cryoprotectant, however the obtained results varied for different phages, suggesting that efficiency of this process was phage-dependent. This in turn, may be problematic during optimization of phage lyophilization for commercial processing. Nevertheless, further commercialization of phage preparations seems to be unavoidable and the development of new methods for phage processing and storage is required. Key words: bacteriophages; lyophilization; freeze-drying; long-term preservation of bacteriophages MOŽNOSTI UPORABE LIOFILIZACIJE V KOMERCIALNE NAMENE ZA PRIPRAVO BAKTERIOFAGOV V VETERINARSKI MEDICINI Mikrobioloska kontaminacija hrane v živinoreji, ki povzroca bolezni, predstavlja resen problem v veterinarski medicini. Hitro narascajoce stevilo bakterijskih sevov, odpornih proti antibiotikom vzbuja vedno vecje zanimanje za uporabo t.i. fagoterapije, zdravljenja z bakterijskimi virusi bakteriofagi, ki je bila že preizkusena kot metoda za preprecevanje okužb pri živalih. Cilj raziskave je bil prouciti potencialno uporabo postopka liofilizacije za komercialno obdelavo fagov. Liofilizirali smo tri fage, aktivne proti skupnim živalskim patogenom Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp. in Enterococcus faecalis v prisotnosti treh razlicnih krioprotektantov. Dejavnost fagov je bila dolocena po 10 dneh, 1 mesecu, 3 mesecih, 6 mesecih in 1 letu skladiscenja pri sobni temperaturi. Vzpostavljeni so bili vsi pogoji shranjevanja, z namenom upostevanja prakticnih vidikov obdelave fagov. Posneto mleko je bilo najucinkovitejsi krioprotektant, vendar so se dobljeni rezultati razlikovali pri razlicnih fagih, kar kaže na to, da je ucinkovitost postopka odvisna od vrste faga. To bi lahko predstavljalo težavo pri optimizaciji liofilizacije fagov v komercialne namene. Kljub temu je nadaljnja komercialna priprava preparatov s fagi neizogibna in bo potrebno razvijati nove metode za obdelavo in shranjevanje fagov. Kljucne besede: bakteriofagi; liofilizacija; susenje z zamrzovanjem; dolgorocno ohranjanje bakteriofagov

POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF LYOPHILIZATION IN COMMERCIAL USE OF BACTERIOPHAGE PREPARATIONS IN VETERINARY MEDICINE