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It is well recognised that improved representation of occupant behaviour within building performance simulation (BPS) tools is required to reduce the gap between design stage expectations and performance in use. One outcome of the recently completed IEA Annex 66 project encapsulated occupant presence and behaviour models within a ‘Functional Mock-up Unit’ (FMU) named obFMU. The intention is that obFMU co-simulates with any BPS tool that adopts the ‘Functional Mock-up Interface’ (FMI) protocol, thus expanding and harmonising available functionality. This paper outlines the steps required to link obFMU to a BPS program based on the source code adaptations applied to the BPS program ESP-r. The paper also highlights the non-trivial implications for BPS tool users when creating input models and when engaged in the post-simulation interpretation of simulation outcomes. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future evolution and application of behaviour-enabled BPS.

Development and Application Implications of Enabling Occupant Behaviour Modelling Within Building Performance Simulation