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O conhecimento da dinâmica de lagoas e essencial ao eficaz cumprimento dos propositos do Codigo Florestal Brasileiro (2012). Na Planicie Costeira do RS, lagoas com amplos leitos de inundacao ocorrem em regioes prioritarias a conservacao e alto uso do solo. Este estudo buscou identificar os periodos de maxima e minima superficie d’agua da Lagoa dos Gateados (Mostardas, RS) e delimitar sua area de preservacao permanente (APP), usando sensoriamento remoto e dados hidrologicos historicos. Imagens do satelite Landsat-5, mais representativas dos periodos de deficiencia (DH) e excesso hidrico (EH) entre 1985 e 2011, foram identificadas a partir de analises de serie historica de pluviosidade (31 anos) e do balanco hidrico regional. As areas de alague e respectivas APP da lagoa foram delimitadas e quantificadas nas imagens com o aplicativo SPRING 4.3.3. As menores areas de alague (2.335 ha) e APP (594 ha) medias ocorreram durante DH, coincidindo com o periodo de uso intenso da agua para irrigacao de lavouras de arroz. Areas de alague (4.651 ha) e APP (1.178 ha) duas vezes maiores em media ocorreram durante EH. Verificou-se elevada correlacao entre os dados pluviometricos e a dinâmica de retracao e expansao da area alagada. Essas diferencas sazonais indicam a demarcacao in situ da APP da lagoa entre junho e outubro, quando a maxima superficie d’agua significaria a ampliacao do limite externo da APP. O conhecimento dessa dinâmica e sua aplicacao a demarcacao das APP permitirao, potencialmente, protecao de areas marginais melhor dimensionadas ao desempenho de seus importantes servicos ecossistemicos. ABSTRACT Knowledge of water bodies’ dynamics is crucial to the effective fulfillment of the Brazilian Forest Code (2012). In Southern Brazilian Coastal Plain, lagoons with large flood beds occur in priority regions for conservation and high land use. This study sought to identify periods of maximum and minimum water surface spread of Gateados Lagoon (Mostardas, Rio Grande do Sul State) and to demarcate its legal marginal areas for permanent preservation (APP). Most representative Landsat-5 satellite images of maximum water deficiency (WD) and excess (WE) periods, recorded between 1985 and 2011, were identified from the analysis of rainfall historical series (31 years) and regional water balance. Flooded lagoon surfaces and their respective APP were defined and quantified on images using the SPRING 4.3.3 application. The smallest flooded areas (2,335 ha) and APP (594 ha) on average occurred during WD, coinciding with the period of heavy water use for rice irrigation. Lagoon flooded areas measured (4,651 ha) and simulated APP (1,178 ha) were on average twice the size during WE . There was high correlation (r² = 0.81) between pluviosity and the dynamics of retraction and expansion of the flooded surface. Such seasonal differences indicate that the in situ demarcation of the lagoon’s APP should be between June and October. Hence, multitemporal remote sensing enabled an increase in the knowledge of Gateados Lagoon dynamics, the delimitation of its flooded area and a simulation of APP bands in WE and WD conditions, which are better dimensioned to fulfill important ecosystem services, in accordance to current Brazilian law. Keywords: coastal lakes; ecosystem services; demarcation; flooded areas; land conservation; Landsat-5; pluviosity

Delimitação da área de preservação permanente da Lagoa dos Gateados, na planície costeira do Rio Grande Do Sul (RS), utilizando séries de imagens de satélite e dados hidrológicos históricos (Delimitation of the permanent preservation area of Gateados ...)