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A diversidade natural dos solos reflete na paisagem a sua propria evolucao, sendo estes resultados das interacoes entre os fatores de formacao: material de origem, relevo, clima, organismos e tempo. Tais fatores, adjuntos aos processos pedogeneticos na evolucao dos solos, definirao suas propriedades fisicas e quimicas, fundamentais para a caracterizacao dos solos. Nesse sentido, este estudo tem com o objetivo geral caracterizar e classificar os tipos de solos da planicie do Delta do Parnaiba, localizada na regiao do Norte Piauiense, tendo como limite natural os rios Parnaiba e Igaracu e o oceano Atlântico. Para a identificacao e caracterizacao dos perfis de solos, foram realizadas atividades de campo, a fim de descrever e coletar os solos mais representativos na area de estudo. Foram descritos e coletados quinze perfis de solo por meio de trincheiras e tradagens, com extensoes profundamente suficientes para avaliacao das caracteristicas morfologicas. Os criterios e procedimentos metodologicos seguiram a padronizacao adotada no Brasil. As analises fisicas e quimicas foram realizadas no Laboratorio de Genese e Classificacao dos Solos da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Atraves dos resultados analisados foi possivel classificar os solos de acordo com os niveis categoricos do Sistema Brasileiro de Classificacao dos solos. As principais ordens de solos encontradas na area de estudo foram os Neossolos, Planossolos, Gleissolos, Espodossolos, Cambissolos e os Vertissolos. Novas classificacoes foram sugeridas, devido a caracteristicas significativas encontradas nos perfis de solos que nao se enquadrarem no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificacao de Solos. A B S T R A C T The natural diversity of the soils reflects in the landscape its own evolution, being these results of the interactions between the factors of formation: material of origin, relief, climate, organisms and time. These factors, coupled with pedogenetic processes in soil evolution, will define their physical and chemical properties, fundamental for soil characterization. In this sense, this study has the general objective of characterizing and classifying the soil types of the Parnaiba Delta plains, located in the North Piauiense region, with the Parnaiba and Igaracu rivers and the Atlantic Ocean as their natural limit. For the identification and characterization of soil profiles, field activities were carried out in order to describe and collect the most representative soils in the study area. Fifteen soil profiles were described and collected through trenches and traditions, with extensions deep enough to evaluate the morphological characteristics. The criteria and methodological procedures followed the standardization adopted in Brazil. Physical and chemical analyzes were performed at the Genesis and Soil Classification Laboratory of the Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro. Through the analyzed results it was possible to classify the soils according to the categorical levels of the Brazilian Soil Classification System. The main orders of soils found in the study area were the Neosols, Planosols, Gleysols, Spodosols, Cambisols and Vertisols. New classifications were suggested, due to significant characteristics found in soil profiles that do not fit into the Brazilian Soil Classification System. Keywords: Soil classification; Parnaiba Delta: pedogenetic processes.

Classificação dos solos da Planície do Delta do Parnaíba, PI (Soil classification of the Parnaíba Delta Plain, PI (1))