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As mudancas climaticas podem contribuir para o aumento e a migracao de vetores de epidemias e doencas. O clima e um fator que pode gerar condicoes que facilitam o desenvolvimento de microorganismos, e a frequente exposicao da populacao a contaminacao ambiental durante as fortes chuvas e enchentes, sao considerados fatores que contribuem com maior magnitude na ocorrencia de epidemias de leptospirose e de outras doencas de veiculacao hidrica. Alem disso, a alta densidade demografica contribui para o aspecto explosivo das epidemias geradas em ambientes submetidos as condicoes ambientais propicias, como a falta de saneamento basico nos grandes centros urbanos. A leptospirose e exemplo de uma doenca que apresenta surto em funcao das inundacoes, e que vem assolando as populacoes nos mais diversos estados do Brasil. O objetivo deste trabalho e apresentar os principais fatores climatologicos que explicam a distribuicao de chuvas em Belem em diferentes escalas meteorologicas e sua relacao com a ocorrencia de leptospirose. Nos casos confirmados de Leptospirose no municipio de Belem durante os anos 2000 a 2006 nota-se a baixa relacao entre os casos da doenca com a precipitacao e a temperatura. Como pode ser verificado neste trabalho, a leptospirose nao esta relacionada apenas com a sazonalidade da precipitacao. Fatores como o processo de ocupacao desordenada ocorrido nas ultimas decadas, com moradias carentes de infraestrutura basica devem ser analisados. A B S T R A C T Climate is a factor that can generate conditions that facilitate the development of microorganisms, and the frequent exposure of the population to environmental contamination during heavy rains and floods, are considered factors that contribute with greater magnitude in the occurrence of leptospirosis epidemics and other diseases of water transport. The objective of this work is to present the main climatological factors that explain the distribution of rainfall in Belem in different meteorological scales and its relation with the occurrence of leptospirosis, based on a theoretical research, with databases of TABNET and DATAUS related to the analysis of the annual precipitation anomaly from 1961 to 2007, in conjunction with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (ODP). These data were worked on the monthly and annual scales, with the objective of analyzing the temporal variation, during the rainy season and less rainy season in the region. In order to obtain the correlation of the climatic variables and the cases of hospitalization a precipitation lag was used, on average, 30 days due to the incubation period of the bacteria. In the confirmed cases of Leptospirosis in the municipality of Belem during the years 2000 to 2010 the low relation between the cases of the disease with the precipitation and the temperature is noticed. As can be seen in this study, leptospirosis is not only related to the seasonality of precipitation. Factors such as the process of disordered occupation occurred in the last decades, with housing lacking basic infrastructure should also be analyzed. Keywords: Leptospirosis; Climate; Belem-PA.

revista brasileira de geografia física

Variabilidade espaço temporal da precipitação na Cidade de Belém-PA e sua relação com a incidência de Leptospirose (Variability temporal space of precipitation in the City of Belém-PA and its relation with the incidence of Leptospirosis)