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Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o escoamento superficial na bacia do Alto Rio do Peixe, situada no semiarido do Estado da Paraiba, Brasil. Neste estudo foi utilizado o modelo Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) para realizar a simulacao hidrologica, para isso, foram utilizados dados diarios de temperatura, umidade, velocidade do vento da estacao meteorologica de Sao Goncalo e precipitacao no periodo de 2002–2014, alem de mapas de uso e ocupacao do solo, tipos de solos e modelo digital de elevacao. O periodo de calibracao analisado foi de 2002 a 2010 e a validacao de 2011 a 2014, usando dados mensais de vazao da estacao fluviometrica de Antenor Navarro. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as vazoes observadas e calculadas foram de 4,7 m³/s e 5,8 m³/s, respectivamente. Os indices de desempenho da calibracao foram considerados muito bons (R² = 0,82 e NS = 0,81) demonstrando um bom ajuste entre os dados observados e os estimados, enquanto para a validacao os resultados de R² e NS foram de 0,23 e 0,70, respectivamente. A B S T R A C T The objective of this work was to analyze the surface runoff in the Upper Peixe river basin, located in semi-arid of Paraiba State, Brazil. In this study, the SWAT - Soil and Water Assessment Tool was used to perform the hydrological simulation. For this purpose, daily data of temperature, humidity and wind speed of the Sao Goncalo meteorological station and precipitation data from 2002-2014 were used. In addition, were used maps of land use and occupation, soil types and digital elevation model. The calibration period was from 2002 to 2010 and the validation period from 2011 to 2014, using monthly flow data from the Antenor Navarro fluviometric station. The results showed that the observed and calculated flows were 4.7 m³/s and 5.8 m³/s, respectively. The calibration performance values were considered very good (R² = 0.82 and NS = 0.81), showing a good fit between the observed and estimated data, while for the validation the results of R² and NS were 0, 23 and 0.70, respectively.

revista brasileira de geografia física

Modelagem da resposta do escoamento em uma bacia do semiárido da Paraíba utilizando o modelo SWAT (Modelling of runoff response in semi-arid catchment of Paraíba State using SWAT)