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During the past few years there has been a notable increase in the demand for poultry meat and egg production due to its low cost, good nutritional profile and suitability for further processing. Moreover, current forecasts and projection studies have predicted that the expansion of the poultry market will continue in the future. This growing demand has led to progressive improvements in genetic selection to produce fast-growing birds [1-3] and increase egg production from egg type chicken [4]. On the other hand, in recent years poultry were used not only as experimental animal model in pharmaceutical and medical research but also in in the pharmaceutical industry because of its advantages such as their short breeding time, simple management, and high productivity are of interest for recombinant therapeutic production in their eggs [5]. Also, Chick embryos are a significant historical research model in basic and applied sciences. Poultry eggs and cell lines derived from embryonated eggs have found wide application in industry and biotechnology. Avian derived cell lines are an alternative for virus production because they provide a simple, flexible system that can be controlled for an extended time with the capability for rapid vaccine production during a pandemic [5]. It is also strange to use viruses that infect poultry a pathogen causing economic losses in chickens in the treatment of human disease such as Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) [6] and the chicken anemia virus (CAV) [7]. Also, many human diseases were studded by using poultry such as cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), Atherosclerosis [8-11]. Recent advances originated by using transgenic approach highlight the use of avians as animal models in the medical research and pharmaceutical industry.

Poultry as an Experimental Animal Model in Medical Research and Pharmaceutical Industry