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Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) is one of the most important viruses on tomato; contaminated soil may be the main source and reservoir of transmission. Diseased plants were collected from Kamona and Xanike villages, Duhok province. DAS-ELISA technique its detection in the soil and contaminated seeds, and clarify the virus transmission from contaminated seeds to seedlings. Using indicator plants (Biological detection) was to identify virus from contaminated soil. The result showed that six samples out of 14 soil samples gave a positive reaction with 42.8% is transmission ratio from soil. Symptoms on indicator plants such as: mosaic, malformation, vein clearing on C. qinoa; the stunted plants with localized necrotic lesions and malformation on pepper plants. DASELISA from tomato seeds displayed in 11 samples out of 18 samples revealed strong reactions and seeds transmission proportion were 61%. Seedlings were germinated from 60 infected tomato seeds under plastic house condition but only 4 transplants exhibited ToMV symptoms of mosaic, and the percentage of transmission was 7.8%.

SEROLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL DETECTION OF TOMATO MOSAIC VIRUS IN SOIL AND SEEDS OF TOMATO PLANTS IN DUHOK PROVINCE