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A new process was developed to extract tocols and γ-oryzanol from rice bran using ultrasound with soybean oil as a natural solvent. Results were compared to the conventional solvent method. The extraction process was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with three independent process variables as amplitude level (A) (20-60%), extraction temperature (B) (25-65°C) and time (C) (20-60 mins). Statistical analysis indicated that models developed for all responses were significant. Linear terms of all process variables had significant effects on α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and γoryzanol, while quadratic effects of amplitude level (A), temperature (B) and time (C) on all responses were highly significant. Optimal process conditions for maximum yield of tocopherols and γ-oryzanol were 40% amplitude level, 65°C solution temperature and 40 mins. Yields of α-tocopherol and γ-oryzanol in oil extracted under the optimal conditions or ultrasound-assisted soybean oil extraction (O-UASO) were comparable to oil yield produced by conventional solvent extraction (O-CSE). Interestingly, O-UASO showed higher total antioxidant activities compared with O-CSE. Extraction using ultrasound with soybean oil was proposed as an effective alternative green process to improve oil functionality without the need for separating environmentally hazardous organic solvents.

Optimization of tocols and γ-oryzanol extraction from rice bran using ultrasound and soybean oil as a green solvent