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Objective.Health technology assessment (HTA) has been adopted by countries in order toimprove allocative efficiency in their health systems. This study aimed todescribe and analyze the HTA decision-making process in the Region of theAmericas.Methods.A literature review was done to better understand the HTA situation in theRegion. Also, in 2014 and 2015, individuals responsible for conducting HTAin countries of the Americas were identified and received a questionnaire onHTA and the decision-making process.Results.A total of 46 questionnaire responses were obtained, from 30 countries. Therespondents were similar in terms of their institutions, main fundingsources, and technology types assessed. Of the 46 respondents, 23 (50%) workfor their respective ministry of health. Also, 36 (78%) undertake and/orcoordinate HTA through coverage and reimbursement/pricing decisions andother HTA-related activities, while 24 (52%) use HTA for emergingtechnologies. While some countries in the Region have created formal HTAunits, there is a weak link between the HTA process and decision-making.Most of the countries with recognized HTA institutions are members of theHealth Technology Assessment Network of the Americas (RedETSA). Despite theadvances in the Region overall, most countries in Central America and theCaribbean are still at the early stages of implementing HTA to supportdecision-making.Conclusions.Many countries in the Americas have benefited from the exchange andcapacity-building opportunities within RedETSA. However, there are stillmany challenges to overcome in the Region in terms of the discussion andcreation of HTA-related policies.

Strengthening and implementing health technology assessment and the decision-making process in the Region of the Americas