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Disclaimer Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). In addition, citations to Web sites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these Web sites. All Web addresses referenced in this document were accessible as of the publication date. To receive documents or other information about occupational safety and health topics, contact NIOSH at ACPH air changes per hour ACGIH American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists CT computed tomography HEPA high efficiency particulate air HVAC heating, ventilation, and air conditioning IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer LEV local exhaust ventilation LHD load-haul-dump MSHA Mine Safety and Health Administration NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health OASIS overhead air supply island system PDM personal dust monitor pDR personal DataRAM PEL permissible exposure limit PMF progressive massive fibrosis PPE personal protective equipment PVC poly vinyl chloride TEOM tapered-element oscillating microbalance TMVS total mill ventilation system XRD X-ray diffraction UNIT OF MEASURE ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS REPORT cfm cubic foot per minute fpm foot per minute gpm gallon per minute in w.g. inches water gauge lpm liter per minute mg/m 3 milligram per cubic meter mm millimeter mph miles per hour µg/m 3 microgram per cubic meter psi pound-force per square inch INTRODUCTION Respirable silica dust exposure has long been known to be a serious health threat to workers in many industries. Overexposure to respirable silica dust can lead to the development of silicosis— a lung disease that can be disabling and fatal in its most severe form. Once contracted, there is no cure for silicosis so the goal must be to prevent development by limiting a worker's exposure to respirable silica dust. In addition, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has concluded that there is sufficient evidence to classify silica as a human carcinogen.

Best practices for dust control in metal/nonmetal mining.