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Background: Peptides have shown anti-sickling effect and are able to reduce oxidative stress, thus contributing to the management of sickle cell disease.  Objectives: The present study was undertaken to characterize and to assess the antisickling and antioxidant properties of albumins and globulins fractions from black bean seed (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) used to manage sickle cell disease in West Region of Cameroon.  Methods: NaCl 5% (1:10 w/v) and dialysis were used for extracting albumins and globulins respectively. The concentration of proteins was determined by the Bradford method. Molecular size was determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In vitro antisickling properties, investigate was carried up using microscopic enumeration. Membrane stability effect and antioxidant potentials were determined using colorimetric method.  Results: In non-reducing buffer showed both albumin and globulin in native form, had the main proteins with dense band of about 130 and 37 kDa. Antisickling tests revealed the best inhibition (79.15 ± 3%) and reversibility (73.49 ± 6%) rates with globulin fraction at 3.82 mg/ml. Hemolysis decreased significantly with albumin and globulin fractions at different concentrations showing the stability effect on the membranes of erythrocytes. However the concentration of globulin at 3.82 mg/ml has shown the best activity (from 100 to 4.62%). The FRAP test has shown that the proteins extracted from black bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) have a global antioxidant power of 48.38 ± 5 mg FeII/100g (albumin fraction) and 7.26 ± 4 mg Fell/100g (globulin fraction). The value obtained from the albumin fraction was significantly lower (p<0.05) than that obtained with gallic acid used as standard. However, the albumin fraction showed better anti-free radical activity on •DPPH (IC50 =7.37 ± 0.2 mg/ml) and the hydroxyl radical (IC50 = 5.96 ± 0.1 mg/ml) than the globulin fraction (IC50 =13.56 ± 0.8 mg/ml for the •DPPH radical and 13.41 ± 2 mg/ml for the •OH radical.  Conclusion: Albumins and globulins from black bean seeds used to manage sickle cell disease in the west region of Cameroon have antisickling, anti-hemolytic and antioxidant properties. These results may justify the use of black bean seeds by sickle cell patients.

journal biotechnology and biomedicine

Albumin and Globulin Fractions from Black Bean Seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) used in the Management of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) in the West Region of Cameroon have Antisickling and Antioxidant Properties