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Objectives. Recently, there has been interest in the use of natural products or well-known propolys as antimicrobial agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of Polish propolis and Plantago lanceolate L., Quercus cortex, Uncaria tomentosa, Sideritis scardica, Trifolium pratense L. extracts, and the antimicrobial effects of propolis with several plant extracts available in local stores. Materials and method. The substances were tested for antimicrobial activity using disc diffusion test against 9 human pathogens: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant (MRSA), and sensitive to methicillin (MSSA), Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and clinical strains of Bacteroides fragilis, Candida albicans, Clostridium difficile. Results. Q. cortex extracts showed the strongest antimicrobial activity. The methanolic extract was stronger than the aqueous extract and exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, including MRSA strain, S. epidermidis and C. difficile. Polish propolys most efficiently inhibited the growth of S. aureus strains. All plants extracts and propolis were ineffective against B. fragilis. After simultaneous administration of propolys with aqueous and methanolic extracts of Q. cortex and Q. cortex with U. tomentosa, the antifungal effect was improved. Conclusions. 1) Propolys possess better activity against Gram-positive than Gram-negative bacteria. 2) Q. cortex coadministered with propolys and Q. cortex together with U. tomentosa extract demonstrated stronger inhibitory effects against C. albicans than individual plant extracts.

The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy of Polish propolis and five plant extracts against selected bacteria and fungi