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A total of 59 natural watercress beds in the Limousin region was surveyed over a 15-year period (from 1990 to 2004) to detect the contamination of watercress by the metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica and to find the presence of natural infections with this digenea in the two species of lymnaeids which are living in these water holes in June-July. The number of beds contaminated with F. hepatica metacercariae varied during years (from 15 in 1994 to 32 in 1999) and the metacercarial burden on plants was low enough : a mean of 2.6 to 6.3 per bed. The same variability was also noted for natural infections of Galba truncatula with F. hepatica, as the total number of infected snails ranged from 11 to 42 and the global prevalence of infections from 1.2 to 2.4%. Natural infections of Omphiscola glabra with F. hepatica were only detected since 1996, with a subsequent increase of prevalence up to 2001 (at 1.8%) and a plateau from 2002 to 2004. In G. truncatula, the mean burden of free cercariae (from 19.3 to 78.5 larvae) only showed insignificant variations in relation to years. By contrast, a significant increase of this burden in relations with years was found in O. glabra. The contamination of these beds over the past 15 years was similar to that recorded by the author in the same sites between 1970 and 1986. The only main changes were the appearance of another digenea, Annales Scientifiques du Limousin, 2004, 15, 1 14. 2 Paramphistomum daubneyi, in these beds and the possibility for O. glabra to naturally sustain the larval development of F. hepatica.

Cressonnières naturelles du Limousin et risques de distomatose humaine à Fasciola hepatica