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Background. Phosphate and magnesium disorders frequently develop in critically ill patients during the course of stay in paediatric intensive care unit.Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypophosphatemia and low level of magnesium in children with acute respiratory failure. The study hypothesis was that the duration of mechanical ventilation and stay in PICU in children depend on the presence of electrolyte disorders.Setting. Tertiary children`s hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Lviv Regional Children Hospital “OCHMATDYT”, Ukraine, July 2018 - July 2019.Patients. Children aged 1 month - 1 year, who needed invasive mechanical ventilation.Intervention. Measurement levels of phosphorus and magnesium on 1st, 3rd, 5th and then every five days during mechanical ventilation.Main outcome measures. The primary outcome was the time to liberation from mechanical ventilation and secondary outcomes were complications: reintubation, tracheostomy, prolonged ventilation, or death.Results. We find out that 100% patients at admission had severe hypophosphatemia and 44% had low level of magnesium. Hypomagnesemia was treated until 10th day and level of phosphorus could not reach normal values until discharge. The presence of hypophosphatemia was associated with prolonged PICU admission (duration ratio 1.45, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.25), and a higher risk of complications (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.52).Conclusion. The presence of hypophosphatemia in children who were mechanically ventilated due to acute respiratory failure was associated with prolonged PICU admission and a higher risk of complications.Trial registration: ISRCTN registry. Identifier: ISRCTN84734652.

PHOSPHORUS AND MAGNESIUM DISORDERS IN CRITICALLY ILL MECHANICALLY VENTILATED CHILDREN: THE PROSPECTIVE COHORT OBSERVATIONAL STUDY