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Fifty-two weanling pigs from six litters(Pond et al., 1968) were fed a standard 18% protein corn-soybean meal diet from weaning to slaughter. The six litters were from gilts paired on the basis of parturition date so that one gilt fed the control diet and one fed the “protein-free” diet (0.5% protein) from week 4 of pregnancy to parturition made tip each pair. Each dam was fed the control diet throughout lactation and nursed one‐half of her own litter and one‐half of a pairmate’s litter resulting from reciprocal transfer of one-half of each litter at birth. Individual bodyweight gains and feed consumption of each litter recorded from weaning to slaughter at 93 kg. revealed no differences associated with prenatal or preweaning treatment. Carcass backfat and cross-sectional area of the I. dorsi muscle between the 10th and 11th ribs also failed to reveal differences in carcass characteristics which could be considered as a crude index of muscle cell number as influenced by prenatal and early postnatal protein nutrition. It is concluded that in pigs the dam acts as an efficient “buffer” to at least partially protect the developing fetus against the effects of maternal protein deprivation during the final three-fourths of one gestation period. Copyright © 1968 American Society of Animal Science. Used by permission. WEIGHT GAIN AND CARCASS MEASUREMENTS OF PIGS FROM GILTS FED ADEQUATE VS. PROTEIN-FREE DIETS DURING GESTATION ~ W. G. POND, J. A. DUNN, G. H. W E L L I N G T O N , J . R. STOUFFER AND L. D. VAN VLECK Cornell University, I thaca, N e w York 2 T HE effect of protein levels of swine gestation diets on postnatal growth and development of the progeny has received only limited attention. Clawson et al. (1963) and Rippel et al. (1965) reported laormal reproduction in gilts fed 5% protein diets. Normal reproduction has also been reported in gilts fed diets almost devoid of protein from day 24 of pregnancy to parturition (Pond et al., 1968). The present data describe the postweaning weight gain and carcass characteristics of pigs from those gilts. Materials and Methods The animals used in this experiment were continued from a previous experiment (Pond et al., 1968). Briefly, the previous experiment involved a comparison of the reproductive performance (number of pigs per litter, individual pig birthweight and livability) and lactation performance (preweaning weight gains and weaning weight of pigs) of three gilts fed a protein-free diet from week 4 of pregnancy to parturition and three fed an adequate diet throughout gestation. Reciprocal transfer of one-half of each litter at 2 days of age to a foster dam produced weight gains in favor of pigs suckling control gilts, indicating a greater effect of postnatal than of prenatal treatment on weaning weight. The present report describes the postweaning performance of 52 pigs from six litters representing the four previous treatment groups: (1) pigs from "protein-free" dams (fed a protein-free diet during gestation) and kept with their own dam through the suckling period (P F P F ) , (2) pigs from "protein-free" dams but transferred to foster "control" darns (fed an adequate diet during gestation) through the suckling period (PF-C) , (3) pigs from "control" dams but transferred to foster "protein-free" dams through the suckling period (C-PF) and (4) pigs from "control" 1 Grateful acknowledgments are due Robert White, James O'Connor and George Kiger for their assistance in this work. -~ Department of Animal Science. dams and kept with their own dam through the suckling period (C-C). The six litters were from gilts paired on the basis of parturition date so that one C and one PF gilt made each pair. Dams were fed 1.82 kg. of feed daily throughout gestation and ad l ibi tum on the complete diet throughout lactation. All pigs were castrated at 3 to 4 wk. and weaned at 6 wk. of age. At this time, full-sibs were penned together in 3 x 3.5 m. concrete-floor pens and fed a standard 18% protein cornsoybean meal diet from a wooden self-feeder to slaughter weight of approximately 93 kg. Feed consumption of each litter was recorded. Water was supplied twice daily from cast iron troughs. A blood sample was taken from the anterior vena cava of each pig midway through the postweaning period (90 to 110 days of a~e~ for serum protein determination (Gornall et al., 1949). Carcass measurements were taken on the chilled carcass after 24 hr. at 4 ~ C. These were backfat (average of three measurements taken on the split carcass at the first rib, last rib and last lumbar vertebra), length (anterior edge of first rib to pubic bone) and cross-sectional area of the longissimus dorsi muscle (as determined by planimeter from a tracing of the cut surface between the 10th and l l t h rib). The data were treated statistically by analysis of variance of unweighted means as illustrated in table 2. The means square for prenatal 7~ pair interaction was used to test the prenatal effect and the residual mean square was used to test postnatal and prenatal )~ postnatal effects. Resul t s and D i s c u s s i o n The results are summarized in table 1 and the mean squares from analyses of variance are in table 2. There were no significant differences related to prenatal or preweaning treatment for any of the criteria considered except for a difference in initial (weaning)

Weight Gain and Carcass Measurements of Pigs from Gilts Fed Adequate vs. Protein-Free Diets during Gestation