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Rotula aquatica Lour is traditionally used to regulate the kidney and bladder stones and root decoction is used for diuretic activity. The present study was carried out to assess the antiurolithiatic activity of the aqueous root extract of the plant in urolithiatic rats.The extract was administered to the calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiatic rats orally at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight along with ethylene glycol (EG) for 28 days. On 28 day, 24 h urine was collected from individual rats and urine was analysed for protein, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, uric acid, oxalate and creatinine. On same day the serum protein, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, uric acid, oxalate, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were also estimated in each animal. The kidney homogenate was used for the estimation of calcium, oxalate and phosphate. The paraffin kidney sections were prepared to observe the CaOx deposits. The paraffin kidney sections showed significant histopathological changes. The treatment with aqueous root extract of Rotula aquatica at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight doses significantly decreased the urine protein, calcium, phosphate, uric acid, creatinine and oxalate, serum protein, calcium, phosphate, uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and oxalate and renal tissues calcium, phosphate and oxalate, in EG induced urolithiasis after 28 days.The present study indicated aqueous root extract of Rotula aquatica at the dose of 200 mg/kg body weight as more effective in decreasing the urolithiasis and regeneration of renal tissues in male rats. The extract has a potential to cure the urolithiasis.

Rotula Aquatica Lour Aqueous Extract as Anti-Urolithiatic Agent in Experimentally Induced Urolithiatic Rat Model