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Gums (lat. Gummi) are water-soluble non-starch polysaccharides (PSH), dietary fibers. Gums are hydrocolloids, hydrophilic polymers capable of forming stable hydrogels in low concentration. Gums – heteropolysaccharides, consisting of sequentially connected simple carbohydrates or D-galactomannans; they also may contain uronic acids (D-glucuronic acid and D-galacturonic acid). Carboxyl groups of uronic acids are connected to Ca2+, K+, Mg2+. Also, gums belong to the group of soluble dietary fibers. Gums are formed as a result of the cells (walls and contents) degeneration of various tissues (duramen, rays of duramen, cortex, etc.). When cells are destructed, gums protrude from natural cracks or artificial cuts in the caudax and congeal in the lumpy, ribbon or other forms; it makes them different from mucus. Often, they form very complex plant exudates, mixing with tannins (tannogum), resins (gum-resins), resins and essential oils (aromatic gums-resins). Gums have been known since ancient times; they had been described by Theophrastus (IV century BC), Pedanius Dioscorides (I century), Plinius (I A.D.). They are mentioned in the “The Canon of Medicine” by Avicenna (X A.D.), and the other writings of Arabic scholars. Gums are widely used in pharmaceutical practice and various sectors of the world economy.1-3

Physiochemical Features, Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis, Present Status and Application Prospects of Polysaccharide Gums