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EnglishThe article aims to discuss the different meanings that the indigenous term Tapuia assumed over time in Brazil, based on the comparative analysis of two specific mo-ments: the end of the sixteenth century, with the first chroniclers, and the second half of the nineteenth century, with the hommes de lettres and the romantic literati. The approach has as theoretical support the concepts of "space of experience" and "horizon of expectation", proposed by Reinhart Koselleck to understand the different historical times. The study also pass through the dualistic view with which the Bra-zilian Indian is perceived by traditional historiography. portuguesO artigo se propoe discutir os distintos significados que o termo indigena Tapuia assumiu ao longo do tempo no Brasil, tendo por base a analise comparativa de dois momentos especificos: o final do seculo XVI, com os primeiros cronistas, e a se-gunda metade do seculo XIX, com os hommes de lettres e os literatos românticos. A abordagem tem como suporte teorico os conceitos de “espaco de experiencia" e “horizonte de expectativa”, propostos por Reinhart Koselleck para se entender os diferentes tempos historicos. O estudo perpassa, tambem, pela visao dualista com que o indio brasileiro e percebido pela historiografia tradicional.

Tapuias, entre cronistas e hommes de lettres: análise comparativa da historiografia brasileira nos séculos XVI e XIX