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In 2002, the quantities of dioxins in pulp and paper mill effluents, stack gases and ashes must conform to the tighter National Standards. The permissible limits given in total TEQ are 10 pg/L for the mill effluent, 0.1 to 10ng/Nm3 for the stack gas of waste incineration and 3ng/g for the ash. The limits for the stack gas are classified by the type of furnace. The total TEQ include 7 PCDDs, 10 PCDFs and 12 co-planar PCBs. The trace analyses of such many dioxins are so complicated that it seems to be difficult to understand the details of the analytical results. This paper describes the analytical procedure of dioxins and several characteristics of the results.

Trace Analysis of Dioxins Related to Pulp and Paper Mills and Evaluation of the Results