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Educational laws and policies are the keystone and guarantee for the survival and development of private colleges and universities. In China, the classified management for the private colleges and universities is the most important breakthrough of the new revised Private Education Promotion Law. The essence of the classified management, which consists of the new revised law and the relevant documents, is the legislative authority of supporting the non-profit private colleges and universities favorably. As the recent forty-year development of the private higher education in China, many experiences prove a conclusion many times---educational laws and policies are the keystone and guarantee for the survival and development of private colleges and universities. Without the strong guidance and supports of the correct educational laws and policies, the development of private colleges and universities must be difficult, tortuous and bumpy. Up to now, although private higher education in China has made remarkable achievements, but in general, the social foundation for its survival is still weak, the ability of the schools to resist risks is still weak, and the supports of resources for its sustainable development is still weak. Perhaps there is no an industry is as sensitive as the private education industry on depending on the relevant educational laws and policies. Therefore, from the points of view of the practitioners and the researchers of the private education, the relevant laws and policies determines the development of the private education whether in a climax or in a trough, and this kind of difference of climax and trough is compared as the repeated temperature variation of “spring” and “winter”. 1. The Phylogeny of Laws and Policies of Private Higher Education Reviewing the phylogeny of the policies and laws of private education in China, it has gone through four stages: origin and start (1982-1992), promotion and development (1992-2002), standardization and system (2002-2010), adjustment and deepening(2010-now). Every change of educational policies and laws has a significant impact on the survival, development and growth of private education; the publication of each policy and law is not only the reflection of the practical experiences and innovations in private education and the response to the problems and puzzles in the process of practice, but also the result of the balance between the innovations and practices of the private education and the old regulations and policies. In this stage, from the perspective of the constitution, the government made a unified stipulation on running schools by social forces for the first time, which laid a basic legal foundation for running private schools. In 1987, the Interim Regulations on Running Private School was put into force; it is the first comprehensive official documents on running private schools after the implementation of the Reform and Open Up policy in China, from that time on, private higher education in China has entered the era of running private school according to regulations and laws. By the encouragement and guidance of this regulation, the scale of private higher education in China has expanded rapidly, and the first developmental climax of private higher education in China was coming. By 1991, the total number of private colleges and universities had reached 450. In 1993, the government first put forward that: “the state adopts the policy of actively 2018 3rd International Social Sciences and Education Conference (ISSEC 2018) Copyright © (2018) Francis Academic Press, UK 1 encouraging and supporting, correctly guiding, and strengthening the management on running schools by social organizations and individual citizens" in 1993: Strategies and Guidelines for Education Reform in China. In the some year, the Interim Regulations on Running Private College and University was published and put into force; it definitely stipulated that "Private colleges and universities are the integral part of the cause of higher education in China." Under the guidance of the "16-character" policy, running schools by non-governmental sectors had rapidly developed again, and the private higher education had made progress rapidly, which was reflected on the two major breakthroughs: first, the number of private institutions of higher education in China had exceeded 1000 in 1995, the total number had increased from 450 in 1991 to 1209 in 1995; second, in 1996, the students were enrolled of the private colleges and universities in China had reached 1 million. In 1997, the Sate Council had published the first administrative regulation----Regulations on running schools by non-governmental sectors, which confirmed the legal status of the private education, indicated a new stage that running, managing and administering private schools according to law was coming. However, the Regulation also stipulated that ----" the government strictly controls the social force to hold higher education institutions "----which had a certain inhibitory effect on the rapid development of the private higher education, but at the same time, it also corrected and restrained many nonstandard acts and profit-making behaviors in the process of the rapid development of the private higher education since the 1990s. In this stage, the first special low of private education----Private Education Promotion Law (2002), and its supporting regulation---Enforcement Regulation of Private Education Promotion Law (2004) were published and put into force, this indicated the private education has entered the legalization stage, and promoted the standard and regular operation of the private education. Since then, the government had issued a series of policy documents that aimed at the healthy development of the private colleges and universities, such as Notice on Strengthening the Standard Management and Guiding the Healthy Development of Private Colleges and Universities (2006), Regulations on the Administration of Running Private Colleges and Universities (2007), Measures for the Establishment and Management of Independent Colleges (2008), etc. These documents had promoted the formation of the policy system of private higher education preliminarily, and had increased the new vitality of the private higher education. However, because there were still no clear regulations on the value evaluation of the schools, on the attribute of juridical person, on the ownership of schools’ property right, on the autonomy of running a school, and on the official support policy, etc, and it failed to arouse the enthusiasm of non-governmental investment in education, so there were also a lot of problems that blocked the healthy development of the private education. In 2010, the National Outline of Medium and Long Education Reform and Development (2010-2020) was put into force, it clarified that "private education is an important factor that promotes the development of education and the important force to promote education reform", and the government would adopt the policy of “developing the public higher education and private higher education together" as an important task for the development of higher education in this stage. In the late of 2016, the Private Education Promotion Law was revised by the National People’s Congress, and the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the relevant Ministries and Commissions of the State Council also issued 4 supporting documents one after another. From that time on, the regulations and policies of “1+4”, which was composed of the new revised Private Education Promotion Law and the four supporting documents, constitute the basic policy system of the private education of China in the new century. 2. Classified Management is the Historical Inevitability of the Development of the Private Higher Education Private colleges and universities can choose their own position----non-profit organization or profit-making organization, and the government carries out the classified management system for private schools----which are undoubtedly the most important piont and the biggest breakthrough of the new revised Private Education Promotion Law. This new law clarifies the vague tendency of

Study on the Policy Evolution and the Practical Significances of the Development of Private Higher Education in China under Classified Management