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Remote sensing through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can potentially be used to identify the factors influencing agricultural yield and thereby increase production efficiency. The use of UAVs remains largely untested in tropical agricultural systems. In this study I compared the ease of use and efficiency of multi-rotor and fixed-wing UAV systems equipped with two different sensor systems for mapping spatial patterns of photosynthetic activity in banana plantations in Costa Rica. Spatial patterns derived from photosynthetic indices based on reflected red edge and visible light (ENDVI) and reflected near infrared and red light (NDVI) were then compared to spatial patterns of physical soil quality, irrigation activity, and banana fruit production data. I found that the multirotor UAV system was easier and safer to operate but that the fixed-wing UAV system was much more efficient in areal coverage and extent of imagery acquired per unit time. Spatial patterns of ENDVI and NDVI were significantly positively correlated with several metrics of fruit yield and quality. Irrigating bananas during early stage growth significantly increased both ENDVI and canopy cover. NDVI was not examined for irrigation effects. Spatial patterns of NDVI were not correlated to spatial patterns of physical soil quality. ENDVI was not examined for soil quality effects. These results indicate that UAV systems can be used in banana plantations to help map patterns of fruit

The Role of Agriculture and Food Consumption in Tropical Conservation