English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

This paper focuses on the effects of the consistently enforcedliberal policies in Chile of the last 40 years in comparison tothe inconsistent policies of the Peruvian government during thesame period. Tariff policy can be used as a representativeindicator of the liberal/protective economic approach given howimportant openness is to trade in the long term development ofsmall economies. The first section explains tariff and tariffpolicy. The second details the historical development of tariffpolicies in Chile and Peru and the third part contains acomparison of their current tariff structures. Both countriesstarted at a similar point in the 1970s, both utilizecomparable natural resources and have a similar GDP ratio.However, only Chile has become one of the most developedeconomies in the region while Peru, although progressingrapidly in the last decade, is still lagging 10 years behinddue to inconsistent policies applied during the '70s and '80s.By turning to neoliberalism in the '90s, Peru laid thefoundation for their current strong economic development and isnow, in some ways, even more open than Chile with a fewexceptions in the textile, coffee and beef industries to whichPeru applies high tariff rates to protect the jobs theseindustries provide.

TARIFF REGIMES IN LATIN AMERICA: PRIVILEGES AND THE HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF CHILE AND PERU