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In flows where the relaxation rate of vibrational motion of the molecules to equilibrium is comparable to the flow through time scales, the presence of turbulence can alter the mixing and equilibration process. To understand the coupling between mixing and vibrational relaxation, a novel state-specific species model is solved in a background turbulent flow. The method is applied to mixing of two nitrogen streams at different static temperatures. The relaxation rates for each state are computed using quasi-classical trajectory analysis. For the flow conditions considered, the first ten vibrational levels are computed in the flow solver.The direct numerical simulation shows that population in different vibrational levels are significantly affected by turbulence and that the local distribution becomes nonBoltzmann. In certain locations in the jet, the population from the direct calculation can be several orders of magnitude different than the local-temperature based Boltzmann level. Last, while the bulk vibrational energy is inferior to its local equilibrium value throughout the mixing layer, the high energy level populations (levels 3 to 8) are on the opposite always over-populated. As chemical reactions are affected by these high vibrational energy populations, a simple temperature model would under-estimate the impact of nonequilibrium on combustion.

Numerical investigation of vibrational relaxation coupling with turbulent mixing