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Two-dimensional axisymmetric simulations of xenon-plasma-plume flowfields from a D55 anode-layer Hall thruster are performed with a hybrid particle–fluid method. In this simulation, the Boltzmann model and a detailed fluid model are used to compute the electron properties, the direct simulation Monte Carlo method models the collisions of heavy particles, and the particle-in-cell-method models the transport of ions in electric fields. The accuracy of the simulation is assessed through comparison with various measured data. The detailed electron fluid model provides improved predictions in comparison with the Boltzmann model in the near and far fields of the plume. Improved correspondence is obtained with the detailed model to all measured data including plasma potential, ion current density, and ion velocity.

Particle Simulation of Plume Flows from an Anode-Layer Hall Thruster