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The stability of reservoir slopes is critical to the safe operation of reservoirs and is intensely affected by cyclic wetting and drying (W–D) caused by water level fluctuation. A new cyclic W–D test was performed on remoulding specimens to explore the influence of cyclic W–D on the microstructure of slip zone soils. Firstly, the unsaturated compacted specimens were prepared and subjected to cyclic W–D using a self-manufactured permeameter and a constant temperature oven. Secondly, the primary driver of the changes in soil microstructure was determined via X-ray diffraction. Thirdly, the evolution during each W–D cycle was characterised via mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that under the effect of seepage pressure, the microstructure of slip zone soils periodically varies along with increasing W–D cycle. Such change is primarily attributed to the swelling and shrinkage of clay minerals. The pore size distribution of the specimens shifts from a mono-peak pattern to a multi-peak pattern because of the extension of drying shrinkage cracks, which indicates that cyclic W–D can induce more defects in soil microstructure. This study reveals the effect of cyclic W–D on slip zone soil microstructure. These findings encourage further research into the failure mechanism of reservoir slopes under the effect of water level fluctuation.

Effect of Cyclic Wetting and Drying on the Microstructure of Slip Zone Soils in Huangtupo Landslide