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The Beatles, comprising John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr, are arguably the most popular musical group of all time. Based upon music sales, cultural and musical influence, and posthumous interest (Lennon and Harrison are dead), one can argue that the Beatles have meant more to popular music than Benny Goodman, John Coltrane, or Elvis Presley. This doesn't mean the Beatles themselves were infallible. As artists, they were close to infallible. But as businessmen, their poor decisions and lack of experience clearly showed their weaknesses as individuals and as a group.The purpose of this paper is to describe the mistakes the Beatles made in the era between the death of their manager, Brian Epstein, in August 1967 and May 1969 when John Lennon, George Harrison, and Richard Starkey (but not Paul McCartney) contracted the services of a new manager, Allen Klein.While this 21-month period was a musically creative whirlwind for the band, it was also the beginning of its demise. From egos to depression, personal growth to poor communication, drugs, ignorance, passing whims, and general lethargy, this stretch of time taxed these four men in more ways than they could understand. When it was over, Klein presided over a disbanded collection of individuals who proceeded to sue and counter-sue each other (and Klein) for years.Today's DIY (do-it-yourself) musician culture can learn more from the Beatles than how to write, arrange, and record a memorable song. This study will delineate those lessons so musicians and artists can learn from the blunders and misjudgments made by the most popular musical group of all time.The Brian Epstein YearsTrivial Pursuit fans and hardcore Beatles purists probably know that the first manager of the Beatles was not Brian Epstein, the son of a furniture shop owner and operator of NEMS, Liverpool's biggest record store.1 The band's first manager was Allan Williams, "a hard-drinking figure who flourished on the fringes of Liverpool's rough-and-tumble night life."2 Williams booked early gigs for the Beatles, the most important being their first lengthy stay in Hamburg, Germany, at the Indra club and then the Kaiserkeller.3 After the Beatles were deported for working underage, Williams helped obtain work permits for the group in early 1961.4 The group returned to a residency in Germany at The Top Ten Club, playing six to seven hours of music each night.5 Williams stayed loosely in touch but ceased running the group's affairs.Upon the band's return to Liverpool, they began playing lunchtime concerts at The Cavern Club. Sporting new haircuts fashioned by former bassist Stuart Sutcliffe's girlfriend, Astrid Kirchherr,6 and a live performance style honed from hundreds of hours playing in front of what Paul McCartney described as "fat Germans,"7 the group soon earned the attention of Brian Epstein in October 1961. Epstein didn't fall in love with the music he heard, but he did sense something special among the foursome. He considered managing the group and asked the opinion of Williams, who suggested they'd ultimately let him down,8 especially since the Beatles still owed Williams commission for the Hamburg shows.9Regardless of what Williams thought, Epstein decided to forge his own path. "They are awful, but I think they're fabulous," he said.10 The awfulness to which he was referring was the band's attire, including black leather jackets and high black boots.When Epstein explained his intentions to the band, there was initially no contract. He was a twenty-seven year old, well-dressed Jewish man with what the group thought was a wealthy background. Based upon the band's lower to lower-middle class backgrounds, Epstein's station in life meant something. He met with them a few times, including once with their families. When he finally told the band he wanted to manage them, the answer came from John: "Right then, Brian," he said. …

Magical Mystery Tour: Failures From The Beatles’ Self-Managed Era and Lessons for Today’s DIY Musicians