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In a professional writing career that spanned more than fifty years, Canadian author Dyson Carter produced hundreds of magazine and newspaper articles, dozens of short stories, and seventeen books, including five novels. The bulk of his output was devoted to the popularization of science, the exploration of the relationship between science and society, and the exposition of his political beliefs. Some of his writing was self-published or issued by marginal organizations, but in the 1930s and 40s his articles and stories appeared in prominent newspapers and magazines in Canada and the United States. Three of his early books were issued by American commercial publishers, and were widely and respectfully reviewed in both countries. By comparison with other writers who have had this kind of exposure, it might be expected that Carter would be mentioned in standard reference works on Canadian literature. Yet his name does not appear in the Oxford Companion to Canadian History and Literature (1967) or its supplement (1973), or in the Oxjord Companion to Canadian Literature (1983, rev. 1997); he is not mentioned in the Literary History of Canada (1965) or its supplements; he is likewise excluded from the Canadian volumes of the Dictionary of Literary Biography. A search of reference books on Canadian literature turned up only three citations: a very brief biography and bibliography in Clara Thomas' Canadian Novelists 1920-1945 (1946), a listing of his name, year of birth, and the titles of three of his novels and one non-fiction book in R.E. Watters' Checklist of Canadian Literature (1959), plus a passing mention in W.H. New's History of Canadian Literature (1989). The reason for Carter's exclusion from most Canadian literary histories is not difficult to discover. For much of his adult life he was a member of the Communist Party of Canada (CPC). Like Norman Bethune, he was a victim of the collective hostility and amnesia that seized Canadians during the Cold War. Unlike Bethune, however, no economic rapprochement with Communist countries, not even the end of the Cold War, has reclaimed Carter's reputation. Fortunately, in 1985 the National Archives of Canada accepted from Carter a collection of his books, pamphlets, and articles, which provides a substantial record of his various careers as scientist, writer, editor, publisher, and political activist. Personal information about him, however, is more difficult to come by. The most comprehensive source, in fact, is Carter's last published novel, This Story Fierce and Tender (1986), which appears to be a thinly disguised account of his childhood and early adult life. The use of autobiographical fiction as a source of biographical informa-

Science, Literature and Revolution: The Life and Writings of Dyson Carter