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The vase life of cut flowers and foliage is often shortened by vascular occlusions that constrict vase solution supply. Reductions in stem conductivity are typically caused by blockage of cut stem ends and xylem conduits by microbes, physiological plugging, and disruption of water columns in xylem vessels by cavitation and air emboli. Cut flower and foliage longevity can be greatly affected by the chemical composition of the vase solution. Provision of biocides prolongs the vase life of numerous species. A broad range of biocides has been suggested to prevent the proliferation of microorganisms in vase solutions; however, their assumed antimicrobial action may be confounded by their other physicochemical effects. In this context, the response of cut stems to biocides may also vary according to the cut flower or foliage type, the specific microorganisms involved, and other vase solution ingredients. This paper explores the efficacy and multifunctional roles of vase solution biocidal agents used in industry and by researchers for cut flowers and foliage.

When is a Vase Solution Biocide not, or not only, Antimicrobial?