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To derive a forcing schedule of Gypsophila paniculata L. with three flushes per year, the effects of chilling exposure and BA application on the flowering were investigated, using 'Red Sea' and 'Bristol Fairy' selections.1. To force the 1st flush in November, a foliar spray of 100300 ppm BA was effective in advancing flowering time in 'Bristol Fairy'. Although the percentage of bloom in 'Bristol Fairy' line 13 gradually decreased as the time of final pinching was delayed, all plants treated with BA before 30 September bloomed. However, advanced flowering was accompanied by flower malformation. Cut flowers from BA-treated plants were shorter and smaller in volume than were those of BA-untreated plants.2. Exposure of rooted cuttings to 2°C for 40 or 55 days before planting reduced the number of days to bloom and improved cut flower quality of the 1st flush. When rooted cuttings previously exposed to chilling for 40 days were planted on 15 September and sprayed with 100 ppm BA on 30 September, their flowers had sufficient length and volume; they were ready to be harvest between mid- and late November.3. Exposure to natural chilling for more than 50 days (800 hr below 10°C) after the 1st flush was required for vigorous shoot regrowth in line 09. Application of 300 ppm BA in combination with natural chilling promoted the flowering, so that the 2nd flush was harvested in mid-April. The 3rd flush was harvested from late June to early July, about 1 month later than when natural flowering would occur.On the basis of these data, a forcing schedule or system with three flushes per year was derived through: a) selection of vegetative lines with less chilling requirements, such as 'Red Sea', 'Bristol Fairy' lines 09 and 13; b) by exposing these selections to appropriate chilling period, and c) timely administration of foliar sprays of BA.

Cultural Schedule for Forcing Three Floral Flushes on Gypsophila paniculata L. 'Bristol Fairy' Selections.