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The flower trait of a long-lasting corolla with a temporal color change, called “misome-sho”, is found in several evergreen azalea cultivars of Japan. For the purpose of applying the “misome-sho” trait for breeding, we investigated the floral mor phology and inheritance pattern using these cultivars and their crossed progenies. All five “misome-sho” cultivars have smaller corolla and smaller epidermal cells on the abaxial surface of the corolla compared with wild type flowers. Also “misome-sho” cultivars have a number of stomata and trichomes on the abaxial surface of the corolla. This may lead to sepaloid features occurring at the corolla. All F1 progenies between wild type flowers and “misome-sho” cultivars showed wild type flowers. On the other hand, all F1 progenies between “misome-sho” cultivars showed “misome-sho” trait flowers. Wild type flowers and “misome-sho” trait flowers were segregated at a 3 : 1 ratio in the crossed progenies between F1 hybrids of wild type flowers and “misome-sho” cultivars. These results indicate that the “misome-sho” trait is controlled by a single recessive gene and a similar morphological mutation is caused by a common gene mutation in “misome-sho” cultivars. To increase the size of the small corolla of “misomesho” cultivars, the effectiveness of using large-flower cultivars as cross parents was indicated in a breeding program.

Floral Morphology and Inheritance of the Long-lasting Flower Trait (Misome-Sho) in Japanese Evergreen Azalea Cultivars