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Durante el siglo XIX el sur del estado de Veracruz (en particular Minatitlan) se vio inmerso en un intenso proceso de exportacion maderera, principalmente de caoba, que acerco a la region a mercados internacionales. De esta forma, se enviaron enormes cantidades de madera a Estados Unidos, Noruega, Alemania y Gran Bretana, entre otros paises. Minatitlan alcanzo entonces cierto desarrollo economico y demografico, ademas de convertirse en el principal puerto exportador de caoba de todo el pais. El desarrollo de este negocio se vio estimulado por los requerimientos del mercado de Estados Unidos y Europa, en especial para la produccion de muebles, la construccion y los ferrocarriles. Por su parte, el gobierno mexicano jugo un papel de impulsor al emitir legislaciones que facilitaban esta empresa, aunque tambien hizo intentos de fiscalizacion y control en la explotacion de los bosques, que al final fueron insuficientes. La venta de caoba llego a ser tan importante que durante algun tiempo se convirtio en la principal fuente de recursos para Mexico, despues de la exportacion de oro y plata. Commercial Integration during the 19th Century: The Case of Mahogany Lumbering in he South of Veracruz In the nineteenth century, the southern region of the state of Veracruz developed a vibrant timber export industry, based principally on mahogany, that forged firm links between the region and international markets. As part of this process, a huge volume of wood was shipped to the United States, Norway, Germany and Great Britain, among other countries. During this period, Minatitlan received a boost to its economic and demographic development while becoming the country's leading port for the export of mahogany. The mahogany export industry was driven by demand in the U.S. and European markets, particularly for furniture production, construction and the railroad industry. The Mexican government played a supportive role by passing legislation facilitating timber exports, while at the same time making attempts to tax the industry and control the exploitation of timber stocks. These controls ultimately proved insufficient. Mahogany exports became so important that for a time they became Mexico's leading revenue source after gold and silver.

Integración comercial durante el siglo XIX: el caso de la explotación de caoba en el sur de Veracruz.