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Drip irrigation is considered the distribution technique most suited to combine water saving and good yield, due to intrinsic potential and advanced technology. With respect to other systems, correct use of drip technology requires that particular attention is paid to each component of the irrigation context, such as soil, crop and climate, in addition to design and maintenance. Recent research projects carried out at farm and field level in homogeneous areas, showed that drip performance is frequently lower than expected with regard to yield and water supplied on seasonal basis, and that similar or better responses are given by sprinkler systems operating in the same area during the same season. This paper illustrates results of a triennial research project, carried out from 2009 to 2011 in North Italy, to compare drip and hose reel sprinkler irrigation of annual crops under the same agronomical and climatic conditions. Analysis of 22 case studies (11 comparisons) shows similar crop yield response under drip and hose reel irrigation, while irrigation efficiency of drip is lower than sprinkler in most cases. According to project outcomes, selection and management of irrigation system is of paramount importance for sustainable irrigation.

Field comparison of drip and hose reel irrigation performance: results of a three year research project in Italy