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This article discusses the problems faced by many developing countries in urban public transport by bus and suggests that most of their systems are in need of comprehensive rehabilitation and reform. It also indicates the imperative necessity of establishing priority for collective over individual transport in these countries. Besides, it analyzes the evolution of demand for urban bus service in Brazil, showing the reasons for its decline over the past 16 years, although it has stabilized somewhat recently. Trends regarding population aging, average income, unemployment rate, infl ation, bus fare, fuels prices and several other indicators are examined to delineate measures that may help the demand for urban bus service in Brazil to grow, which can also benefi t developing countries that may learn from Brazil’s lessons.

Crisis of public transport by bus in developing countries: a case study from brazil