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Despite various studies that emphasize the strong impact of the Enlightenment  on the Kingdom of Guatemala, it is still difficult to form  a clear idea of the changes introduced in the mentality of the population. This study sheds light on the conservative reactions of many  weighty political actors who realized that Enlightenment ideas could  shake the colonial system to its foundations and trigger a revolutionary  process comparable to that brewing in France. This spurred them to  adopt more rigid ideological positions and distance themselves from  reformist groups led by the oidor Jacobo de Villaurrutia. Supported by  powerful families, these groups gradually came to exercise the power of  ecclesiastical corporations that they controlled more-or-less directly. As  the period advanced, the old Catholic order was transformed into a  political party capable of confronting the emerging liberal ideology.

El orden católico frente al desafío de las Luces en el Reino de Guatemala (1779-1808)