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Correspondence: *R. Juan García-Cavazos E-mail: ricardo.garcia@salud.gob.mx Available online: 19-12-2017 Gac Mex Oncol. 2017;16(5):257-259 www.gamo-smeo.com Received on: 24-11-2017 Accepted on: 28-11-2017 DOI: 10.24875/j.gamo.M18000124 The 21st century has enabled us venturing into an authentic paradigm of modern medicine, molecular medicine, with new diagnoses and new therapies, which has made for medical practice to shift towards a kind of medicine that has allowed the generation of a new, innovative health culture that produces evidences and contributes to the best decision-making. In the past few decades, important changes have been observed in the country with regard to habits and social, cultural and working costumes, and even in environmental issues. To these changes, a demographic transition period is added, which leads to population progressive aging and to a dominance of non-transmittable, chronic-degenerative conditions, including cancer. In Mexico, as in the rest of the world, cancer is an enormous public health problem and one of the leading causes of death in men and women. Medicine has with no doubt generated highly important advances that have led to significant changes of approach, looking for the prevention line as a key element for diseases to be avoided, with effective access to the national health system, an increase in quality care and a highly preventative approach. Cancer is now visualized as a group of complex diseases that affect the population, which is of genetic and environmental origin, and that is characterized by incontrollable growth and spread of abnormal cells and a decrease in apoptosis. The cause of cancer is related to intrinsic or genetic (hereditary mutations, immune conditions, hormonal environment and causal mutations) or extrinsic (exposure to chemical, physical or biological agents) factors. These causative factors can act alone or combined to initiate the formation of tumors. On the other hand, knowledge on the human genome has enabled associating certain gene mutations with predisposition to develop malignant tumors. This way, the familial and/or hereditary occurrence of certain tumors is at least partially explained. This group of people who are carriers of particular mutations by the germinal route constitutes a high-risk population that has to be addressed differently, and their care has to be enhanced by focusing it on prevention and early detection. Sporadic cancer, which corresponds 70-80% of neoplasms, is multifactorial; in 15-20% of familial cancers there is a moderate genetic component, and hereditary cancer accounts for 5-10%1. The main purpose of this communication is to generate an access route to this great problem concerning the at-risk population; for this, this population has to be identified and provided genetic counselling, depending on the case, in order to determine the risks and adequate management measures, as well as to advice on the necessary tests to establish a genetic diagnosis and opportune management and treatment. National health policy focuses on cancer care with a gender perspective and bringing to light the most complex health problems that affect the population, targeting on risk factors, with comprehensive care as a GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGIA

gaceta mexicana de oncología/gaceta mexicana de oncología

Strengthening of public policies in order to implement familial and hereditary cancer care and transform cancer epidemiology in Mexico: "raising awareness and winning hearts"