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This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (by-nc-nd) License. There exist various kinds of physical, chemical, and biological hazards in the workplace. To protect workers from these hazards, it is not controversial that environmental management measures to remove or reduce these harmful factors and to improve the quality of workplaces through an engineering approach are fundamental solutions. However, in reality, there are many work sites where such decisively effective measures cannot be applied. In such situations, a work management approach utilizing personal protective equipment (PPE) is considered an alternative and significant means for protecting the safety and health of workers. Recent industrial development, automation, and digitalization has led to increased safety and reduced need for personal protection at many workplaces, while there still remain a considerable number of jobs that continuously require protection and many countries where traditional work methods are prevalent. Simultaneously, the threats have changed and new types of risks have emerged due to changed processes, new chemicals and materials, and work routines. Thus, there are still several industries where the workers need to be protected from contamination within processes by utilizing PPE. So far, many types of PPE have been developed to tackle this scenario. Nevertheless, their effectiveness and usability still remain incomplete. Thus, a new breakthrough for PPE is currently required. Progress in advanced fiber materials, knitting and weaving technologies, fabric fabrication techniques, nanomaterials, and fiber composite materials technologies have been remarkable in recent years. Therefore, applying the results of these advanced technologies to the development of PPE is a highly promising approach. On the other hand, even though protection of targeted harmful factors is successfully achieved by using effective PPE, such high performance of protection is likely to entail additional workloads on workers. One of the main burdens is the thermal impact caused by evaporative resistance and thermal insulation derived from the characteristics of PPE materials. The higher the evaporative resistance and Editorial

New development of research on personal protective equipment (PPE) for occupational safety and health