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from your past, and then suddenly remembered that event many years later? If so, you may have experienced a phenomenon known as a recovered memory, in which an event that has been forgotten for an extended period of time (i.e., weeks, months, years, or sometimes decades) is once again recollected. Although researchers have documented several cases of reported recovered memories (e.g., Read, 1997; Read & Lindsay, 2000; Schooler, Ambadar, & Bendiksen, 1997), the idea that memories can be forgotten and then resurface after a period of “amnesia”1 remains controversial (e.g., Read & Lindsay, 2000). Adding to the complexity of this issue are findings that demonstrate that memory for past episodes of remembering is subject to error (e.g., Arnold & Lindsay, 2002, 2005; Schooler et al.). One finding in particular is the forgot-it-all-along (FIA) effect: a memory phenomenon in which prior episodes of remembering are forgotten (Arnold & Lindsay, 2002; Schooler et al., 1997).2 Schooler et al. first used the term—forgot-it-all-along—in their study of real-world cases in which individuals reported recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). In this study, Schooler et al. found that two women who had reported recovering a memory of CSA had forgotten prior episodes of remembering the abuse during the period of time when the abuse was supposedly forgotten. That is, these women had talked to others about the abuse during the alleged period of amnesia. Schooler et al.’s findings raise several questions for memory researchers. Specifically, under what circumstances do we forget that we have previously remembered something? When ERRON L. BENNER

Memory of Remembering: Investigating the Forgot-It-All-Along Effect Using Pictures