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Modern Iranian drama developed in line with a liberal school of thought, both before and after the Constitutional Revolution in 1906. It came during the transition from a traditional to a new type of society that was able to tolerate and accept the revolution. The arrival of European theatre in 1878, with its dependence on a written text rather than improvisatory acting, was part of the modernization process in Iran that enjoyed its height in the early years of the twentieth century. At the same time, traditional theatre was being rediscovered, and playwrights started using some of its forms to develop indigenous modern Iranian theatre to meet the standards of the genuine past and dynamic present. Although there was an assimilation of certain secular tendencies, the newly appearing type of drama satisfied the need for modernity through defending political and social liberties. The road to transition began in the 1850’s and gained momentum during the 1940’s through the 1970’s, leaving its effects on Iranian drama in such a way that its legacy persists to date. Keywords: realistic drama; Iranian drama; Iran Constitutional Revolution

Traditional Elements in the Iranian Realistic Drama