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Cold tolerance for sterility induced by low temperature at booting stage can be improved by warmer water temperature during vegetative growth Hiroyuki SHIMONO* , Mitsuru SUTO**, and Kuniaki NAGANO*** *Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8, Ueda, Morioka , Iwate, 020-8550, Japan **Aomori Prefectural Industrial Technology Research Center, Aomori, 034-0041, Japan ***Miyagi Prefectural Furukawa Agricultural Experiment Station, Miyagi, 989-6227, Japan Abstract The effects of warm water during vegetative growth on cold tolerance for sterility induced by low temperatures at the booting stage were investigated in a field experiment. In an experiment in Aomori Pref. and Miyagi Pref., four rice cultivars were grown under two water temperature conditions (control and warmer than control by 2.2 or 3.7°C) during vegetative growth over a short period of time (21 days after transplanting for 21-27 days), and tested for their cold tolerance. Warm water promoted the heading date up to four days and it did not affect the number of spikelets. Cool-water treatment induced spikelet sterility in the range of 84-95% in Aomori Pref. and 54-90% in Miyagi Pref., while warm water applied during vegetative growth decreased the spikelet sterility of all cultivars and in both locations by 2-11 percentage points in Aomori Pref. and by 2-25 percentage points in Miyagi Pref. The results indicate that applying warm water during vegetative growth over short periods of time can improve cold tolerance in rice in the field.