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Thioredoxins (Trxs) are small ubiquitous oxidoreductases that participate in dithiol-disulphide exchange reactions. They are present in all organisms from prokaryotes to higher eukaryotes and involved in a variety of cellular processes in higher plants. The expression pattern of the multigenic family of grape Trxsh was analysed in different tissues by semiquantitative RT-PCR. The grape Trxh genes were approximately expressed in all tissues, but with different expression patterns than each other. The in silico analysis of the promoter regions of grape Trxs h demonstrated the presence of a number of potential cis-acting elements to respond to environmental signals, suggesting that Trxsh may respond to a variety of environmental signals, including dehydration, salinity, heat, cold, heavy metals, light, pathogens, and plant hormones. The grape Trx h genes were also found to be differentially induced under abiotic stress conditions due to the presence of different putative regulatory elements in their promoters. Collectively, the distinct expression patterns and different responses to environmental stress conditions suggest that each isoform of the multigenic family of VvTrxh may have a specific and non-redundant function in grape.

Abiotic and oxidative stress-dependent regulation of expression of the thioredoxin h multigenic family in grape Vitis vinifera