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Background The efficacy of first-line chemoradiotherapy for overall survival (OS) might be confounded by the subsequent treatments in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we assessed the associations of progression-free survival (PFS) and post-progression survival (PPS) with OS after chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC using patient-level data. Patients and methods Between January 2011 and December 2018, 45 patients with locally advanced NSCLC who had received first-line chemoradiotherapy and in whom recurrence occurred were analysed. The associations of PFS and PPS with OS were analysed at the individual level. Results Linear regression and Spearman rank correlation analyses revealed that PPS was strongly correlated with OS ( r  = 0.72,  p  &lt; 0.05,  R 2 = 0.54), whereas PFS was moderately correlated with OS ( r  = 0.58,  p  &lt; 0.05,  R 2  = 0.34). The Glasgow prognostic score and liver metastases at recurrence were significantly associated with PPS ( p  &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The current analysis of individual-level data of patients treated with first-line chemoradiotherapy implied that PPS had a higher impact on OS than PFS in patients with locally advanced NSCLC. Additionally, current perceptions indicate that treatment beyond progression after first-line chemoradiotherapy might strongly affect OS.

Clinical impact of post-progression survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer after chemoradiotherapy