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Research evidence on health determinants has led to development of a national programme for noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention. Numerous studies have confirmed the role of nutrition and physical activity in preventing main NCDs: cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory disease. The aim of the study was to analyse and evaluate the results obtained from the new “cross-sectional” study in 2012 offer monitoring of eating habits and physical activity levels monitoring related to socioeconomic status of the participants in 2012. The study was conducted in five regions of the Republic of Macedonia and included 1600 respondents aged 10 to 64 years. Monitoring was conducted using self-designed questionnaire. Eating habits were surveyed using questionnaires to monitor the frequency of consumption of main food groups during a week. Leisure time physical activity was a priority measure in the study. Also, in the study a model was applied for strategic planning in NCD prevention, based on the results of the health behaviour survey. The model was analysed using a software package. The results indicate that NCDs prevention through improving physical activity levels and changes in eating habits should be focused on changes in food content including availability of whole grain bread, guidelines and policy on food labelling and health claims, marketing and city planning that facilitates an active life. Abstrakt Pētījumā tika novērtēti 2012. gadā veikti šķērsgriezuma” pētījumi par ēšanas paradumu un fizisko aktivitāšu ietekmi uz neinfekcijas slimībām, no kurām galvenās ir sirds un asinsvadu slimības, 2. tipa diabēts, vēzis un hroniskas respiratorās slimības. Pētījums tika veikts piecos Maķedonijas republikas reģionos un ietvēra 1600 respondentus vecumā no 10 līdz 64 gadiem. Tika izmantota aptaujas anketa par ēšanas paradumiem, kurā bija jautājumi par nedēļas laikā patērētajām galvenajām produktu grupām. Pētījumā tika mērītas brīvā laika fiziskās aktivitātes. Pētījuma rezultāti parādīja, ka neinfekcijas slimību profilaksei, līdz ar fizisko aktivitāšu līmeņa paaugstināšanu un ēšanas paradumu maiņu, ir jāfokusējas uz uztura sastāvu, ietverot pilngraudu maizes pieejamību, kā arī uz pārtikas etiķetēšanas politiku, veselīguma prasībām, mārketingu un pilsētu plānošanu, kas veicina aktīvu dzīvesveidu.

proceedings of the latvian academy of sciences. section b, natural sciences/latvijas zinātņu akadēmijas vēstis. a daļa, humanitārās un sociālās zinātnes

Monitoring of Eating Habits and Physical Activity Levels as a Basis for a new Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Programme in the Republic of Macedonia