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Magnesium batteries are regarded as promising candidates for energy storage devices owing to their high volumetric capacity. The practical application is hindered, however, by strong electrostatic interactions between Mg 2+  and the host lattice and due to the formation of a passivation layer between anode and electrolyte. V 2 O 5  is a typical intercalation compound with a layered crystal structure ((0 0 1) interlayer spacing ~ 11.53 Å), which can act as a good host for the reversible insertion and extraction of multivalent cations. Herein, we have presented an investigation of the effects of S injection on the structure, electrochemical performance and Mg 2+  diffusion in V 2 O 5  cathode materials for Mg-ion batteries. The V 2 O 5 /S composite structure was investigated using X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The integrated electrode exhibits an improvement in the electrical and electrochemical properties compared to the V 2 O 5  electrode. The as-prepared V 2 O 5 /S composite has an initial discharge capacity of 310 mAh g −1  compared to 160 mAh g −1  for the V 2 O 5  electrode. The V 2 O 5 /S composite is a promising cathode material for magnesium-ion battery applications.

Structural characteristic of vanadium(V) oxide/sulfur composite cathode for magnesium battery applications