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Recent research in syntax and corpus linguistics has shown how the German  Perfekt  (present perfect) and  Präteritum  (simple past) are widely used in written language—even though these tenses are commonly described in DAF (German as a foreign language) materials as used respectively in the spoken and written forms. While these analyses only focus on written corpora, an extensive study on the use of tenses in spoken interaction is still missing. In this paper, I try to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the use of  Perfekt  and  Präteritum  in the recordings of the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials, held in Frankfurt am Main, from December 20, 1963, to August 19, 1965, and available on the web page of the Fritz Bauer Institute. Textual analyses of the depositions of five former German prisoners of the Polish concentration camp show that German native speakers use both tenses in their spoken interactions. These results widely contradict their depiction in DAF materials, textbooks, and grammars. Furthermore, the types of  Präteritum  found are far more diverse than is traditionally held by scholars, who claimed that the use of this tense in spoken language is limited to verbs such as  sein  (to be),  haben  (to have) and modals, such as  können  (can),  müssen  (must),  sollen  (should), etc. The outcome of this study shows how the difference between  Perfekt  and  Präteritum  is determined by the subjective attitude of the speakers in relation to the information they want to convey.

Grammatical Tenses and Communicative Intentions: A case study of the German Perfekt and Präteritum